The impact of transitional care on geriatric rehabilitation outcomes: prevalence and associated factors of sarcopenia and malnutrition

Abstract

Background and aims: Geriatric patients are faced with ongoing care needs after hospitalization. This study evaluated the prevalence of sarcopenia and malnutrition at admission and related clinical characteristics in geriatric inpatients of a transitional care program. Methods: A cross-sectional study and a longitudinal observational study were conducted among geriatric inpatients in a retirement home. Sarcopenia was assessed using the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium criteria, and nutritional status via the Mini Nutrition Assessment. Patient- and clinician-reported outcome measures, including the Barthel Index, EQ-5D-5 L, NPRS, HAQ-DI, 10 m walking test and Timed Up and Go test were collected at admission and discharge (mean stay: 39 ± 22 days). In addition, a 3-month post-discharge follow-up telephone interview was conducted. Results: Out of 72 geriatric rehabilitation inpatients (mean age: 84 ± 7 years, 83% female), the prevalence of sarcopenia was 80.6%, while 81.2% of patients were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition upon admission. Sarcopenic patients showed reduced health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5 L; p