Development of mobile application through design-based research

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the development and testing of an innovative mobile application using design-based research. Design/methodology/approach: This paper reports on the process of transformation of existing printed course material into digitized content through design-based research where design, research and practice were concurrently applied through several iterations of the mobile application. For this transformation, one session each from BSc in Nursing, Bachelor of Pharmacy and Bachelor of Medical Laboratory Sciences was selected. In the first phase of the design-based research, the main research question was formulated. In the second phase, a mobile learning application (OUSL MLearn) was designed and developed to address the research question. In the third phase, this application was evaluated by five groups of stakeholders: content experts to validate the content; educational technologists to check the alignment of technical and pedagogical features; novice users to check the overall effectiveness of the application; developer to develop the application, to check the ease of usage; and researchers to identify the impact of this innovation. These stakeholders were closely involved throughout the whole process which lasted over a period of four months. At the end of this development phase, the results were reflected upon and used for further enrichment. Findings: It was observed that the developed mobile application was accessible, appealing and pedagogically constructive for users. However, optimization, development time, technical and organizational issues, workload of academics and production costs were identified as major challenges. Research limitations/implications: This study was based on the findings of a small sample of potential users. Practical implications: The findings have implications for designing culturally adaptive interactive mobile applications. Originality/value: This study will benefit practitioners to design culturally sensitive mobile learning courses and researchers to conduct design-based research.