Research on current situation of farmland runoff pollution and ecological treatment technology

Abstract

Farmland runoff pollution, caused by excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides, poses serious threats to water quality and aquatic ecosystems. To address this issue, various ecological treatment technologies have been developed and applied, such as vegetated ditches, constructed wetlands, and bioaugmentation techniques. These systems aim to reduce nutrient and pesticide concentrations in runoff water and enhance soil quality and biodiversity. This study reviews the current state of farmland runoff pollution and the existing ecological treatment methods. It also presents the results of our comparative analysis of the performance and efficiency of different treatment systems across multiple study sites with diverse climatic conditions. We demonstrate that ecological treatment technologies can effectively remove pollutants from runoff water and improve soil properties and microbial activity. We also discuss the implications and challenges of applying these technologies for agricultural sustainability and environmental protection.