Atresia esofágica y fístula traqueoesofágica. Evolución y complicaciones postquirúrgicas

Abstract

Esophageal atresia (EA) and tracheoesophageal fistula are congenital anomalies associated with respiratory and gastrointestinal morbidity. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe clinical characteristics of patients with EA and TEF during childhood, specially focused on respiratory and gastrointestinal complications. Methods: We reviewed the clinical charts from fifteen patients admitted to our hospital and who were followed locally between 1995 and 2007. Results: Gross classification distribution was: A: 0, B: 0, C: 12, D: 2, E: 1. Waterston distribution was A1: 6, B1: 1, B2: 4 y C2: 4. Associated malformations to EA and TEF were 7/15. Main morbidity during the follow up period were: Recurrent pneumonia: 6/15, recurrent wheezing 12/15, tracheomalacia in 9/15 and apnea in one patient. Fistula re-opening in 3/15, Gastroesophageal reflux in 15/15 esophagic stenosis in 7/15. All patients were admitted to the hospital at least once during the follow up and in 12/15 of this were due to respiratory causes. Conclusions: EA and TEF after surgical repair have significant respiratory and gastrointestinal morbidity and frequent admission to the hospital during the first years of life.