Antimicrobial action of ozonated water and photodynamic therapy with sonic activation in root canals infected with Enterococcus faecalis

Abstract

Background: New protocols are constantly being tested in the search for complete disinfection of root canals without the undesirable effects of sodium hypochlorite. This study evaluated the antimicrobial effect of ozonated water and photodynamic therapy (PDT) with sonic activation in root canals infected with Enterococcus faecalis. Material and Methods: Seventy single-rooted canals of human teeth were prepared and contaminated with E. faecalis for 21 days. The teeth were divided into six experimental groups (n=10): ozonized water without (O + S-) and with sonic activation (O + S +); PDT without (PDT + S-) and with sonic activation (PDT + S +); PDT + ozonized water without (PDT + O + S-) and with sonic activation (PDT + O + S +); and two control groups, one positive (n = 5) and one negative (n = 5). Microbial collections were performed before and shortly after treatment, counted in the log of colony-forming units and tested for significant difference between these counts, if any (Student’s t-test). The ANOVA two-way test was applied to evaluate whether the Treatment factor (Ozone, PDT and Ozone + PDT) and the Sonic factor (With and without sonic activation) had any effect on microbial reduction. Results: In all protocols, there was a significant microbial reduction (p=0.025), whereas in the groups in which sonic activation was used, the microbial reduction was significantly greater (p=0.001). Conclusions: The treatments significantly reduced the number of microorganisms in the root canals. Sonic activation helped to increase the microbial reduction in infected root canals.