Importance of triple tumor markers as biomarkers in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Abstract

Aim: There is an urgent need to establish biomarkers for the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of the combined assessment of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and duke pancreatic monoclonal antigen type 2 (DUPAN-2) in PDAC. Methods: We retrospectively investigated the impact of three tumor markers on overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Patients were classified into two groups: upfront surgery (US) and neoadjuvant chemoradiation (NACRT) groups. Results: In total, 310 patients were evaluated. In the US group, patients who had all three elevated markers showed a significantly worse prognosis than the others (median: 16.4 months, P =.005). In the NACRT group, patients who had elevated CA 19-9 and CEA levels after NACRT had significantly worse prognosis than the others (median: 26.2 months, P