Prevalence of Secondary Trauma, Compassion Fatigue and Burnout Among Trauma Therapists in Spain

Abstract

Background: Trauma therapists are at risk of developing secondary trauma (ST), compassion fatigue (CF) and burnout from exposure to clients' traumatic narratives. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, risk and protective factors of these conditions among Spanish trauma therapists. Methods: A total of 358 Spanish trauma therapists (87% females, Mage = 43.6) completed self-reported measures of ST, CF and burnout and sociodemographic/occupational information. Results: Secondary trauma, CF and burnout levels were mild overall. However, 27% of the sample presented symptoms compatible with a PTSD diagnosis. Most of the sample showed emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation. However, over 90% reported personal accomplishment and compassion satisfaction that mitigated the negative effects of occupational stressors. Age, years of experience and having children were associated with higher levels of burnout and ST. However, occupational factors, such as type of trauma and the age of the consultant, did not correlate with ST, CF nor burnout. Conclusions: Working with trauma survivors impacts professionals' well-being and, ultimately, can affect the quality of their services.