Avaliação da efetividade do acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico no controle do diabetes mellitus tipo 2 em longo prazo

Abstract

Introduction: The number of pharmacists working at primary health care units is small, which means that pharmacotherapy follow-up (PFU) cannot be offered to a high number of patients. An established period of PFU could then lead to more patients being treated. However, studies assessing management of chronic diseases after discharge from this service are scarce. Thus, this study evaluated clinical outcomes of patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) after PFU discharge. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted after a PFU intervention study, which evaluated 64 patients divided into two groups: study (who participated in a PFU program) and control (who did not participate in a PFU program). Laboratory and clinical data were collected from these patients at the end of the program (baseline - March 2006 to February 2007) and for four years after the end of the program (March 2007 to August 2011). Results: Of 64 patients, 56 were enrolled. In four years after discharge, nine patients died, six of them were from the control group and three from the study group (p = 0.151). The study group maintained glycated hemoglobin A (HbA1c) levels after PFU (8.5% vs. 8.0%, p = 0.082), while the control group showed reduced levels (9.1% vs. 8.1%; p = 0.004). Fasting glucose remained under control in the study group (149.5 mg/dL vs. 148.8 mg/dL, p = 0.884) as well as in the control group (170.7 mg/dL vs. 170.6 mg/dL, p = 0.993) after four years. However, when the groups were compared after PFU, the study group showed a significantly lower value than the control group (p = 0.047). Conclusion: Although the differences observed between the groups during PFU did not remain after four years, clinical and laboratory results did not show significant worsening in the period. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]