Abstract
Ketahanan pangan merupakan aspek strategis dalam pembangunan nasional, khususnya dalam konteks dinamika pertumbuhan penduduk dan ketergantungan terhadap impor beras. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi tren historis impor beras Indonesia selama 10 tahun periode 2015–2024 serta menganalisis pengaruh variabel jumlah penduduk, produksi padi, luas panen, dan nilai tukar petani (NTP) terhadap ketahanan pangan nasional. Penelitian ini berdasar pada data sekunder dengan pendekatan kuantitatif mengaplikasikan metode yang digunakan meliputi analisis tren impor beras dan forecasting 10 tahun mendatang, serta analisis regresi linier berganda guna mengidentifikasi determinan utama ketahanan pangan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tren impor beras mengalami peningkatan secara fluktuatif, yang merefleksikan ketidakseimbangan antara kapasitas produksi dalam negeri dan pertumbuhan konsumsi. Selanjutnya, variabel jumlah penduduk, produksi, luas panen dan NTP terbukti berpengaruh signifikan terhadap ketahanan pangan nasional dengan nilai Adjusted R2 = 0,889. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting dalam penyusunan kebijakan ketahanan pangan yang berbasis pada bukti empiris dan perencanaan jangka menengah hingga panjang.Food security is a strategic aspect of national development, especially in the context of population growth dynamics and dependence on rice imports. This study aims to evaluate the historical trend of Indonesia's rice imports for the 10-year period 2015-2024 and analyze the influence of population, rice production, harvest area, and farmer exchange rate (NTP) variables on the national food security index. The methodological approach used includes trend analysis and import forecasting as well as multiple linear regression to identify the main determinants of food security. The results of the analysis show that the trend of rice imports has increased fluctuatively, while the projection for the next 10 years shows a positive trend (almost touching 5 million tons). This reflects the imbalance between domestic production capacity and consumption growth. Furthermore, the variables of population, production, harvest area and NTP are proven to have a significant effect on national food security. These findings make an important contribution to the formulation of food security policies based on empirical evidence and medium to long term planning. The findings suggest the importance of cross-sectoral coordination between food, agriculture and trade agencies to ensure the effectiveness of policy interventions. Therefore, it is recommended that the government strengthen food distribution policies, reformulate the farmer exchange rate scheme, and limit imports to emergency conditions to maintain national food security independence and stability.
Cite
CITATION STYLE
Risnanda, A. W., Soedarto, T., & Rozci, F. (2025). KETAHANAN PANGAN DI TENGAH KETERGANTUNGAN IMPOR BERAS: ANALISIS TREN DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHINYA. Forum Agribisnis, 15(2), 346–360. https://doi.org/10.29244/fagb.15.2.346-360
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