Microcytic Anemia: A Brief Overview

Abstract

Microcytic anemia is caused by hemoglobin (Hb) deficiency synthesis in erythroid precursors, leading to reduced mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of red blood cells. It is the most common type of anemia, primarily due to iron deficiency, followed by chronic disease, and thalassemia. Diagnosis of the spectrum of microcytic anemia requires an adequate history taking and physical examination to search for specific indicators of each disease with a further investigation as indicated for a definitive diagnosis. The treatment of microcytic anemia varies depending on the cause of the disease. The prognosis of the disease also varies depending on the factors underlying the anemia condition.