Interpreting Epidemiologic Evidence: Connecting Research to Applications

Abstract

Second edition. Interpreting Epidemiologic Evidence offers those who have had an introductory course in epidemiology the knowledge they need to make connections from research findings to practical applications. Written in clear and lively prose, it empowers beginner and non-expert students to evaluate a study's design, implementation, and ultimate findings, giving the guidance needed to apply the information appropriately. Liberal use of practical examples serves both to illustrate core concepts and to motivate readers to think critically about the causal connections that population health studies aim to expl. The nature of epidemiologic evidence -- Causal diagrams for epidemiologic inference -- Strategy for drawing inferences from epidemiologic evidence -- Confounding I : theoretical considerations -- Confounding II : practical considerations -- Selection bias and confounding resulting from selection in cohort studies -- Selection bias in case control studies -- Bias due to loss of study participants -- Measurement and classification of exposure -- Measurement and classification of disease -- Random error -- Integration of evidence across studies -- Characterization and communication of conclusions.