Prevalence, Seroconversion and Incidence of Maternal HIV during Pregnancy

Abstract

We estimated the prevalence, seroconversion and incidence of HIV infection and risk factors of pregnant women who gave childbirths from January 2018 to December 2019 using a retrospective cohort design. Risk factors for prevalence and incidence of HIV were identified using logistic regression analysis. The prevalence and incidence of HIV were 44.7% (95% CI; 42.4:47.1) and 18.3 per 100 person-years respectively. The seroconversion rates after 12 weeks and at delivery of these pregnant women were 3.1% (95% CI 2.8-3.5%) and 3.2% (95% CI 2.8-3.5%) respectively. Ages < 20 years 87% (OR=0.13, 95% CI;0.03:0.58, p=0.007) and 20-24 years 76% (OR=0.24. 95% CI; 0.06:0.97, p=0.046) were less likely to have HIV. Nil parity 55%, (OR=0.45, 95% CI;0.27:0.73, p=0.001), having antenatal care 84% (OR=0.16, 95% CI;0.05:0.48, p=0.001), higher number of antenatal care visit (4-7) 32% (OR=0.68, 95% CI; 0.50:0.93, p=0.015) and women without syphilis 61% (OR=0.39, 95% CI;0.18:0.87, p=0.022) were less likely to have HIV infection. Strategies must target the risk factors to prevent HIV among pregnant women.