Comparaison des méthodes d'interpolation pour l'élaboration de modèles numériques d'élévation de haute précision dans la représentation micro-topographique des plaines inondables

Abstract

The flood plain micro-topography influences the extent of water bodies over submerged areas during floods. This analysis aims to compare interpolation methods for achieving high-precision digital elevation models (DEM) representing the micro-topography of flood plains. These methods were also compared using a geographic information system(GIS) to identify which are the most effective to represent the micro-topography of the sites, and that with a limited number of elevation data. The effectiveness of each interpolation method was validated through the root mean square error, statistical tests, "error maps" and a visual assessment in three dimensions. It appears that simple kriging, triangulated irregular network and ordinary kriging methods are the interpolation methods which most accurately represent the micro-topography of the sites, while the inverse distance and universal kriging interpolation methods produce greater errors. © 2010 IAHS Press.