Type D personality and the degree of control of bronchial asthma

Abstract

Introduction: Poor asthma control is probably associated with both biological and psychological factors. Type D pattern of behavior is characterized by negative emotionality and inhibition in social relationships. It was previously found to be associated with cardiovascular diseases. Aim: To evaluate the correlation between the degree of asthma control and the severity of the components of type D behavior pattern. Material and methods: The research was conducted on a group of 117 subjects with bronchial asthma. The control group consisted of 32 healthy subjects. The degree of bronchial asthma control was determined using the Asthma Control Test. The D pattern of behavior was measured using the DS-14 questionnaire. Results: The risk of type D behavior pattern, defined as scoring at least 10 points in both scales (Negative Emotionality and Social Inhibition), was higher in subjects with uncontrolled asthma than in healthy individuals (OR = 5.19; 95% CI: 1.74–15.44), those with partial control of asthma (OR = 6.04; 95% CI: 1.87–19.52) and subjects with good control of asthma (OR = 8.46; 95% CI: 3.09–23.16). The severity of depressiveness correlated positively with the number of infections in the past year. Negative emotionality correlated positively with the number of infections and social inhibition. Conclusions: Type D pattern of behavior may be associated with diagnosis and severity of asthma. Due to its link to poor control of asthma symptoms, a high level of negative emotionality among patients with asthma might be of particular interest to the clinicians.