Production, storage, use, and delivery of hydrogen in the electrochemical conversion of energy

Abstract

Currently, among the most challenging aspects in science and technology are those related to the new energy vectors and efficient methodologies for energy conversion. The success of the use of hydrogen for energy depends on two factors: less expensive devices for the complete conversion technology and more efficient processes for the production of hydrogen and its final conversion to electricity. Therefore, the effective design and implementation of a hydrogen-based energy scheme needs a “complete system” approach. A number of crossover issues will influence the production, storage, delivery, conversion, applications, education, etc., of hydrogen. The most significants are Development of national and international legislation, codes, and standards for the use of hydrogen Adoption of policies to incorporate the external costs of energy (energy supply security, air quality, and global climate change) to provide a clear signal to the industry and consumers on the benefits of hydrogen energy Safety standards and precautions Promotion by institutions and governments, and acceptance by consumers by providing the expected performance at a reasonable cost Collaborative research and development by research centers Technology validation through government-industry partnerships Systems analyses to explore various pathways to extensive hydrogen energy use, including full cost accounting for all challenging energy systems Easy access to the existing information on new hydrogen technologies without legal or economical barriers.