Effect of adding Theobroma grandiflorum and Hylocereus polyrhizus pulps on the nutritional value and sensory characteristics of bread

Abstract

This research aimed to evaluate the influence of adding cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) and pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) pulps on the physicochemical and sensory properties of milk bread. We prepared four formulations: control (no fruit added), and three formulations where milk was partially replaced for different proportions of pulps. The following percentages were used: cupuassu pulp (32.37 to 41.61%), pitaya pulp (4.62 to 13.87%), and milk (5.60 to 31.52%). The nutritional composition, instrumental color analysis, and acceptability of the bread were assessed. The addition of fruit pulp into the bread reduced up to 41.44% the lipid content, 40.20% of proteins, and 10.27% of caloric value. The colorimetric analysis showed that the increase in pitaya pulp and decrease in cupuassu pulp reduced the lightness (L*) and the coordinate b*, and increased the coordinate a*. The principal components analysis showed that the most accepted bread formulations were those with 18.14% and 20.74% cupuassu pulp, and 7.78% and 5.18% pitaya pulp. Thus, cupuassu and pitaya pulp can be added into bread formulations as alternative to add nutritional value and contribute to the innovation of bakery products.