The feasibility of differentiating colorectal cancer from normal and inflammatory thickening colon wall using CT texture analysis

Abstract

To investigate the diagnostic value of texture analysis (TA) for differentiating between colorectal cancer (CRC), colonic lesions caused by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and normal thickened colon wall (NTC) on computed tomography (CT) and assess which scanning phase has the highest differential diagnostic value. In all, 107 patients with CRC, 113 IBD patients with colonic lesions, and 96 participants with NTC were retrospectively enrolled. All subjects underwent multiphase CT examination, including pre-contrast phase (PCP), arterial phase (AP), and portal venous phase (PVP) scans. Based on these images, classification by TA and visual classification by radiologists were performed to discriminate among the three tissue types. The performance of TA and visual classification was compared. Precise TA classification results (error, 2.03–12.48%) were acquired by nonlinear discriminant analysis for CRC, IBD and NTC, regardless of phase or feature selection. PVP images showed a better ability to discriminate the three tissues by comprising the three scanning phases. TA showed significantly better performance in discriminating CRC, IBD and NTC than visual classification for residents, but there was no significant difference in classification between TA and experienced radiologists. TA could provide useful quantitative information for the differentiation of CRC, IBD and NTC on CT, particularly in PVP images.