Principles of Fiqh in AI-Based Information Dissemination on Social Media

Abstract

The advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has significantly reshaped the production and dissemination of information on social media, where automated systems increasingly generate, filter, and amplify content. This development raises important fiqh-related concerns regarding source authenticity, user responsibility, and the ethical implications of AI-generated information. This study examines these issues through core Shariah principles, including justice, trustworthiness, accountability, and public interest (maṣlaḥah ʿāmmah). Using a qualitative document analysis approach, the study reviews classical and contemporary fiqh literature, fatwa resolutions, Islamic digital ethics scholarship, and recent research on AI technologies. The findings identify three key AI characteristics with direct fiqh implications: automated generation of textual and visual content, algorithmic curation that shapes information visibility, and the production of synthetic or unverifiable material. These characteristics contribute to challenges such as weakened information authority, over-reliance on automated systems, and heightened risks of misinformation. The study concludes that the application of al-tabayyun and al-iḥtiyāṭ is essential when engaging with AI-generated content. It further argues for the development of a structured fiqh framework to guide ethical, responsible, and accountable information practices within AI-driven social media environment.