Enhancing prehension strength and dexterity through cross-education effects in the elderly

Abstract

Cross-education, the enhancement of an untrained limb following training of the opposite limb, encompasses both strength and dexterity—a vital factor in daily activities. In the elderly, where both strength and dexterity decline, investigating the simultaneous transfer of these attributes through motor training is crucial. This study explored the effects of a novel hand training program on prehension strength and hand dexterity in the elderly (> 65 years). Maximum Grasping Force (MGF), Jebsen–Taylor hand function test, and Purdue Pegboard test were measured. Training, focusing on 20% sub-maximal force control, occurred thrice weekly for five weeks. Post-training, improvements were observed in both MGF and hand function in both hands, indicating the efficacy of the program. Simultaneous inter-limb transfer effects in strength and dexterity support the potential of cross-education for hand rehabilitation in elderly or hemiparetic patients. This study contributes insights into optimizing interventions for enhancing strength and dexterity in the elderly.