Tetraselmis chuii as Source of Bioactive Compounds Against Helicobacter pylori: An Integrated Proteomic and Bioactivity Approach

Abstract

Microalgae represent sustainable sources of bioactive compounds with potential health benefits. This study conducted a comprehensive proteomic analysis of Tetraselmis chuii (T. chuii) biomass to identify proteins capable of generating bioactive peptides (BAPs) through simulated orogastric digestion. In silico digestion and bioinformatic predictions indicated the release of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial peptides. Molecular docking demonstrated strong interactions with targets implicated in oxidative stress, inflammation, and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) virulence. Biochemical assays and cell-based models confirmed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in both the biomass and its digest, although no significant antibacterial effect against H. pylori was observed under the tested conditions. Considering the role of chronic inflammation in H. pylori-associated pathologies, these findings suggest that T. chuii may serve as a candidate for mitigating tissue damage driven by oxidative and inflammatory stress. Further research is required to address compound stability and optimize delivery strategies.