Phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity and thin-layer chromatography test of methanol extract and simplicia leaves of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl)

Abstract

Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl) is a medicinal plant that can be found in the Highlands in the region of Indnesia. Loquat has been widely used as a traditional medicine material by ethnic Chinese since ancient times. The research aims to analyse the phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of methanol extracts and simplisia loquat leaves. Phytochemical screening results show that methanol extract contains a secondary metabolite of alkaloids, flavonoids and steroid/terpenoid, while the Leaves Simplisia E.japonica contains a compound of secondary metabolites of alkaloids and flavonoids. Methanol extracts and Simplisia of E.japonica leaves were tested using DPPH with a high concentration of 20, 40, 60 and 80 ppm, incubated for 15 minutes and then measured by a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 516 nm. Methanol leaves E.japonica extract has a value of IC50 39.4 ppm very strong category, while the Leaves Simplisia E.japonica has a value of IC50 102.4 ppm of medium category. The Rf value of methanol extract with a variation in solvent comparison (6:6, 7:3, 8:2, 9:1) is 0.78, 0.69, 0.51 and 0.40. The value of Simplisia leaves E.japonica with a variation in comparison of solvents (6:6, 7:3, 8:2, 9:1) are 0.80, 0.64, 0.49 and 0.18.