Exploring Alternatives to Tree Injection

Abstract

The history of injection practices in medicine and arboriculture is reviewed and the problems associated with these practices are discussed. Columns of occluded (compartmentalized) xylem and killed bark are typically associated with wounds caused by injection. These columns extend both up and down the trunk and may extend out into the roots. Forty percent or more of the transport system can be blocked. Typical wound responses are illustrated. In most cases, there are other methods for inducing the uptake of fertilizers, biocides, and growth regulators by trees. These alternatives need to be promoted and improved and new technologies need to be developed.