Translation and cross-cultural adaptation to the Iceland-Family Perceived Support Questionnaire to the Spanish context

Abstract

Background. Nurses play a crucial role in providing family support to families of hospitalized patients, particularly in the context of chronic diseases. To enhance the quality of care validated tools are needed to assess perceived family support. The Iceland-Family Perceived Support Questionnaire (ICE-FP-SQ) measures families’ perceptions of support provided by nurses; however, no culturally adapted Spanish version exists. The objectives of the study are: i) to develop a version of the ICE-FPSQ suitable for nurses; and ii) to translate and adapt both instruments conceptually and linguistically to the Spanish context. Methodology. The study followed four phases: I) adaptation of the ICE-FPSQ for nurses; II) translation, back-translation, and linguistic adaptation of both scales; III) content validation by an expert panel; and IV) a pilot study with cognitive interview techniques to assess the applicability and comprehension. Results. Translated and adapted versions were obtained: one for family members and another for nurses. In terms of relevance, content validity was excellent for both instruments (S-CVI/AVE = 1). In terms of clarity, the family version achieved a content validity index of 0.77, while the nurses’ version reached 0.88. Pilot study participants highlighted the clarity of the items and the speed of completion. Conclusions. Two culturally adapted tools for the Spanish context have been developed, demonstrating adequate clarity and relevance for assessing perceived support from both family and nurse perspectives. These findings indicate that both instruments are suitable for their future psychometric validation in Spain.