The integration efficacy of formulated abamectin, Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus subtilis for managing Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood on tomatoes

Abstract

A pot trial was conducted to evaluate the impact of formulated abamectin, Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus subtilis alone or in combinations against the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) development in tomato plants. Abamectin was the superior treatment which reduced galls and soil populations by 85.87 and 85.13%, respectively. The single treatments showed that the high rate of B. thuringiensis and / or B. subtilis recorded the highest reductions than the low rate. The single treatments of B. thuringiensis and B. subtilis gave reductions in galls ranged from 66.22 to 78.88%, and in soil populations ranged from 70.63 to 80.45%. Moreover, the binary mixtures of abamectin + B. thuringiensis recorded the highest reductions among mixtures in galls (85.20%) and soil populations (76.56%).On the other side, all the applied single treatments increased the tomato plant growth criteria over control. The binary blend of abamectin + B. thuringiensis recorded the highest augmentation in root length, root fresh weight and shoot fresh weight by 41.84, 49.58 and 56.72%, respectively.