Noninvasive lipolysis modalities in aesthetic medicine

Abstract

Background: Adipose tissue is a vital metabolic organ that takes part in body homeostasis. However, an increase in fat tissue can be detrimental for one's health and lead to undesirable changes in body shape. Noninvasive lipolysis is becoming an increasingly popular method to destroy and remove excess body fat and improve one's satisfaction with their body appearance. Aim: The aim of this study was to perform an evidence-based review of the clinical efficacy and safety of noninvasive lipolysis modalities in fat reduction. Materials and Methods: An evidence-based review was performed to evaluate the scientific evidence available on the subject. Three electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Embase) were searched between February and May 2022 for randomized controlled trials and observational studies performed on adult population in the last 20 years investigating the clinical outcomes of noninvasive lipolysis modalities. The selected studies were divided by modality type (cryolipolysis, ultrasound therapy, radiofrequency, and laser therapy), and the data on the efficacy and safety were extracted. Results: In total, the search identified 55 papers which met the inclusion criteria. All four energy-based modalities, including cryolipolysis, ultrasound therapy, radiofrequency, and laser therapy, were shown to be clinically effective in terms of both objective body measurements, such as fat layer thickness or circumference reduction, and subjective patient satisfaction. Furthermore, the abovementioned methods were proven to have a low side effect profile. Conclusion: In conclusion, although evidence supports safety and efficacy, further well-designed trials are needed to strengthen confidence in long-term effectiveness and safety of noninvasive lipolysis.