Specific sialochemical and sialometric changes and cariogenic risk in patients with primary sjogren's syndrome

Abstract

The main aim of our study was to perform a biochemical analysis of the saliva and to assess potential impact on oral health, particularly cariogenic issues, in patients with salivary secretory dysfunction such as primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSSj). Consecutive pSSj and healthy age-matched controls were prospectively assessed for (i) whole saliva flow rates (unstimulated, RFR, and stimulated, RFS), pH and composition; (ii) cariogenic scores-decayed, missing and filled tooth surfaces (DMFS index), Silnes and Loe bacterial plaque index (PI). Salivary flow rates were significantly lower in pSSj for both unstimulated and stimulated tests (p<0.05), with a drop in pH as compared to healthy controls (p<005). Abnormal inorganic and organic saliva composition was reported in all cases comprising higher sodium, lower potassium and chloride concentrations, higher amylase activity and lower total protein (p<0.05). Statistically significant higher cariogenic scores particularly DMFS, were demonstrated in all pSSj (p<0.05). In conclusion, patients with pSSj are at increased risk to develop cariogenic issues due to both quantitative and qualitative salivary changes.