Inhibition activity of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) leaf extract against Prevotella intermedia

Abstract

Background: Water hyacinth is a plant that grows in freshwater, commonly found in Indonesia. Water hyacinth leaf extract contains antimicrobial bioactive components such as tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids. Prevotella intermedia is one of the bacteria that cause periodontal disease. Prevotella intermedia increases in the subgingival plaques of patients with periodontal disease exacerbated by hormonal changes. Therefore, water hyacinth leaf extract may affect the growth of Prevotella intermedia. Objective: To determine the inhibition activity of water hyacinth leaf extract on the growth of Prevotella intermedia. Method: This research was conducted in vitro using water hyacinth leaf extract. Which was generated using the serial dilution method to obtain Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) 90% and Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations (MBC) of 99,9%. The concentrations of water hyacinth leaf extract were obtained at 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5 %, 6.25%, 3.125%, 1.57%, and 0.78%. The inhibition results of water hyacinth leaf extract were seen by calculating the growth of Prevotella intermedia colonies on Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA). The Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to analyze the data statistically. Results: There were significant differences in the inhibition of Prevotella intermedia growth in each treatment group (p<0.05), with the inhibitory activity of water hyacinth leaf extract beginning at a concentration of 3.125%. Conclusion: Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) leaf extract inhibits the growth of Prevotella intermedia with a MIC90 of 3.125% and an MBC99,9 of 6.25%.