Linear and nonlinear parity-time-symmetric oligomers: A dynamical systems analysis

Abstract

In the present work, we focus on the cases of twosite (dimer) and three-site (trimer) configurations, i.e. oligomers, respecting the parity-time (PT ) symmetry, i.e. with a spatially odd gain-loss profile. We examine different types of solutions of such configurations with linear and nonlinear gain/loss profiles. Solutions beyond the linear PT -symmetry critical point as well as solutions with asymmetric linearization eigenvalues are found in both the nonlinear dimer and trimer. The latter feature is absent in linear PT -symmetric trimers, while both of them are absent in linear PT -symmetric dimers. Furthermore, nonlinear gain/loss terms enable the existence of both symmetric and asymmetric solution profiles (and of bifurcations between them), while only symmetric solutions are present in the linear PT -symmetric dimers and trimers. The linear stability analysis around the obtained solutions is discussed and their dynamical evolution is explored by means of direct numerical simulations. Finally, a brief discussion is also given of recent progress in the context of PT -symmetric quadrimers. © 2013 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.