Intragenic CAMTA1 deletions are associated with a spectrum of neurobehavioral phenotypes

Abstract

Intragenic copy number variations involving the CAMTA1 (calmodulin-binding transcription activator 1) gene have recently been reported in four unrelated families with intellectual disability (ID), ataxia, behavioral- and cerebellar-abnormalities. We report a detailed phenotypic and molecular characterization of three individuals with novel intragenic CAMTA1 deletions from two unrelated families and compare the findings to those of previously reported patients. Our patients had deletions of exons 6-11 and presented with ID, developmental delay (DD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and constipation. Two individuals from one family had also unsteady gait. Consistent phenotypes associated with CAMTA1 intragenic rearrangements include ID, speech problems and some dysmorphic features whereas neurobehavioral abnormalities are variable. We did not observe obvious phenotypic differences between patients with in-frame and those with frameshift rearrangements. There is an increased evidence that CAMTA1 has a role in brain and cerebellar function. CAMTA1 should be added to the growing list of genes associated with ID/DD, especially when behavioral problems, cerebellar signs, and/or dysmorphism are also present.