Soil Quality Indicators Based on the Agroecological Family Farmers’ Perception in São Lourenço do Sul, Brazil

Abstract

Background: To promote the adoption of agroecological practices, it is important to value the knowledge and farmers’ perception, who have an intimate natural relationship, cultivating their agroecosystem based on observation and popular experimentation. Aims: This project aims to develop soil quality indicators in São Lourenço do Sul by integrating scientific knowledge with the agroecological perceptions of family farmers. Materials and Methods: Afterward, a structured questionnaire was developed and applied to the group of family farmers in São Lourenço do Sul, between March 13 and April 1, 2024. Results: Farmers highlighted organic matter as a key indicator of soil quality, emphasizing the role of manure, compost, and green manure in maintaining it. They also associated the presence of earthworms with healthy soils. Overall, there is a strong link between organic matter and soil chemical quality. The responses show that spreading knowledge about management practices is crucial for improving soil quality. Conclusion: The soil quality indicators are useful for adjusting management practices and highlight the value of combining farmers’ experience with scientific knowledge to shape locally appropriate policies. The development of indicators with farmers recognizes popular knowledge, increasing their interest in monitoring the soil quality of their agroecosystem.