Fatality associated with the combined use of halothane and gingival retraction cord

Abstract

Gingival retraction cord impregnated with racemic epinephrine often is used by general dentists and prosthodontists to provide gingival retraction and hemostasis during dental reconstructive procedures (i.e., crowns, bridges). Systemic absorption of racemic epinephrine from the gingival sulcus can produce significant dysrhythmias, especially in the presence of halogenated hydrocarbon anesthetics. We describe a fatality that resulted from the combined use of halothane and gingival retraction cord impregnated with 8% racemic epinephrine.