Prostate Cancer Screening Practice and Associated Factors Among Men in Public Health Facilities of Hossana Town, Ethiopia

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer is a disease of the prostate gland. It is a recognized tumour in men and is common worldwide. It is the second most frequent cancer and the fifth leading cause of death in males worldwide. Worldwide, prostate cancer screening continues to be a highly contested topic with a variety of differences in recommendations for screening uptake. However, for men considered to be at risk, screening continues to be the most effective method for lowering death through early identification of prostate cancer. OBJECTIVE: To determine prostate cancer screening practice and associated factors among adult men in public health facilities of Hossana Town, Ethiopia. METHODS: Facility-based cross-sectional design was used. All adult men, whose age >40 years attending public health facilities found in Hossana town were included in this study. From each public health facility, representative numbers of participants who fulfilled inclusion criteria were included in the study. A total of 422 sample sizes of adult men were used. A consecutive sampling technique was used to select study participants in each health facility. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was employed to collect data. Both descriptive and advanced analyses were performed using SPSS software version 26.0. In bivariable analysis, variables with a p-value <0.25 were considered for multivariable analysis. Finally, odds ratio with 95% CI and p-value <0.05 were used to declare factors as significantly associated with the outcome variable. RESULTS: About 7.2% (30) of the participants were screened for prostate cancer in this study. Ever heard about prostate cancer [AOR=26 (7.06-96.90)], family history of prostate cancer [AOR=15.5(5.18-46.77)] and awareness of anyone who has undergone prostate cancer screening [AOR= 6.8(1.95-23.64)] were identified independent predictors for prostate screening practice. CONCLUSION: In this study, prostate cancer screening practice is low. Ever heard about prostate cancer, family history of prostate cancer and awareness of anyone who has undergone prostate cancer screening were independent predictors of prostate cancer screening practice. Intervention measures aiming to increase awareness about prostate cancer and prostate cancer screening should be done.