The prevalence, risk factors and lifestyle patterns of Jordanian females with premenstrual syndrome: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Aim: The study aims to assess factors associated with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and the frequency of using painkillers to relieve premenstrual pain. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 1580 premenopausal women. An online self-administered questionnaire consists of sociodemographics, and the diagnostic criteria using the Arabic Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (A-PMS). Results: The prevalence of PMS among Jordanian females was 94%. Moreover, a significant correlation was found between several factors, including BMI, family history of PMS, smoking, and herbal tea consumption and the psychological, physical and behavioral symptoms of PMS. Furthermore, analgesic use for pain relief and food cravings were significantly associated with psychological, physical and behavioral PMS symptoms. Conclusion: PMS is highly prevalent and affects women in different life aspects. Plain language summary Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a set of symptoms that affect women for a week or two before their period. PMS influences women's emotions, physical health and behavior. Symptoms usually resolve within a few days of menstruation. This study confirms the epidemiological surveys worldwide that reported 80-90% of females experience PMS symptoms. We reported multiple risk factors for PMS including age, weight, family history of PMS, marital status, smoking, herbal tea consumption, fast food consumption and other dietary habits. Furthermore, analgesic use for pain relief and food cravings were significantly associated with psychological, physical and behavioral PMS.