Timolo 0.5% /dorzolamide 2% fixed combination versus timolol 0.5%/pilocarpine 2% fixed combination in primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertensive patients

Abstract

Purpose: To establish the efficacy and safety of timolol maleate/dorzolamide fixed combination (TDFC) versus timolol maleate/pilocarpine fixed combination (TPFC), each given twice daily, in primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertensive patients. Methods: In this prospective, multicentred, double-masked trial, 37 patients were treated twice daily with timolol for 4 weeks. They were then randomized to one of the treatment medications for 6 weeks, after which they were treated with timolol again for 2 weeks before being placed on the opposite treatment medication for 6 weeks. Results: A total of 36 patients completed the trial. Their mean baseline intraocular pressure (IOP) was 22.3 ± 3.7 mmHg. Following 6 weeks of treatment, the mean trough (08.00 hours) IOP was 18.0 ± 2.2 mmHg for TDFC and 17.4 ± 2.0 mmHg for TPFC (p = 0.22). The mean diurnal curve IOP was 18.1 ± 2.2 mmHg for TDFC and 16.7 ± 1.9 mmHg for TPFC (p = 0.0007). At the remaining time-points (10.00, 18.00 and 20.00 hours), TPFC IOPs were statistically lower than TDFC IOPs (p < 0.03). There were statistically more unsolicited reports of vision change and ocular pain associated with TPFC (p = 0.04). Six patients were discontinued early from TPFC therapy (17%) versus two from TDFC (6%) (p = 0.13). Conclusions: This study suggests that TPFC can provide at least a similar efficacious reduction in IOP as TDFC in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.