The impact of occlusal morphology on fissure sealant penetration

Abstract

Introduction: In contemporary preventive dentistry there are numerous experimental in vitro and clinical studies on the growing number of materials for sealing pits and fissures. Aim: the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of occlusal tooth morphology on penetrating abilities of two types of fissure sealants and measure the unfilled space at the bottom of occlusal groove using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Materials and methods: The sample consisted of 10 freshly extraced intact premolars and 10 molars randomly divided into 4 groups. In group I (5 premolars), and group II (5 molars) glass ionomer Fuji VII was used as fissure sealant, while in groups III (5 premolars) and IV (5 molars) resin-based sealant (Helioseal-F) was used. Six sections of each tooth were prepared for SEM. Sealant penetration was observed at 30x magnification and the unfilled space at the bottom of the groove at 500x. Sealant penetration in relation to the absolute depth of occlusal grooves was recorded and the unfilled space beneath the sealant was expressed through its greatest diameter. Results were statistically analyzed using ?2 test. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in penetration ability and the unfilled space between tested materials or teeth groups. The average depth of penetration for glass ionomer was 83% and for resin-based sealant 81% of fissure depth. Mean diameters of the unfilled space beneath the sealants were 95 ?m (glass ionomer) and 93 ?m (resin-based sealant). Shallower penetration of both sealing materials was observed in deep pits and fissures with greater diameter of unfilled space (p<0.05). Conclusion: Based on results of the present study it can be concluded that penetration of contemporary fissure sealants largely depends on occlusal tooth anatomy.Uvod. U savremenim istrazivanjima u preventivnoj stomatologiji veoma su zastupljene studije koje se bave eksperimentalnim i klinickim ispitivanjem sve veceg broja materijala koji se koriste za zalivanje fisura i jamica. Cilj. Cilj ovog rada je bio da se proceni uticaj okluzalne morfologije zuba na mogucnost penetracije dve vrste zalivaca fisura i jamica i registruje velicina zalivacem nepopunjenog prostora na dnu okluzalnog udubljenja skening elektronskim mikroskopom (SEM). Materijal i metod. Uzorak je cinilo 10 intaktnih sveze ekstrahovanih premolara i 10 trecih molara podeljenih u cetiri grupe metodom slucajnog izbora. Kod pet premolara (I grupa) i 5 molara (II grupa) kao zalivac je koriscen glas jonomerni zalivac (Fuji VII), a u trecoj (5 premolara) i cetvrtoj (5 molara) kompozitni zalivac (Helioseal F). Sest preseka svakog zuba je pripremano za posmatranje na skening elektronskom mikroskopu. Penetracija zalivaca je posmatrana na uvelicanju od 30X, a velicina zjapa na dnu fisure na uvelicanju od 500X. Registrovana je penetracija zalivaca u odnosu na ukupnu dubinu fisura i jamica, a velicina nepopunjenog prostora na dnu je izrazavana najvecim dijametrom zjapa na dnu fisure. Rezultati su analizirani primenom ?2 testa. Rezultati. Statisticka analiza je pokazala da ne postoji znacajna razlika u penetraciji i velicini nepopunjenog prostora ni izmedju ispitivanih materijala niti izmedju ispitivanih grupa zuba. Prosecna dubina penetracije za glas jonomer iznosila je 83%, a za kompozitni zalivac 81%. Prosecni dijametar nepopunjenog prostora na dnu fisure za glas jonomerni i kompozitni zalivac iznosi 95 i 93 mikrometara, respektivno. Elementi fisurnog kompleksa oznaceni kao duboki su imali manju penetraciju zalivaca i veci dijametar nepopunjenog prostora za oba ispitivana materijala(p<0.05). Zakljucak. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata moze se zakljuciti da je penetracija savremenih materijala koji se koriste za zalivanje fisura i jamica u znacajnoj funkciji anatomije okluzalne povrsine zuba.