Consumption patterns of fresh and frozen chicken: A Ghanaian food policy perspective

Abstract

Despite the global increase in poultry consumption, there are different preferences for chicken products in different countries. In Ghana, two main categories dominate the market: live/fresh whole chickens and imported frozen chicken parts. This study leverages data from 13,201 households to explore Ghanaian demand dynamics for these products using the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System. Findings reveal stark differences between the two. Live/fresh whole chickens, considered luxury goods, display a complex interplay with other non-chicken meat products, cultural festivities, and various sociodemographic factors. Meanwhile, frozen chicken parts, seen as necessities, exhibit different demand shifters and peak consumption periods. Importantly, these two categories emerge as distinct products, signaling to policymakers the need for differentiated strategies. Simulated policy scenarios further emphasize that reducing prices of live/fresh chickens significantly boosts domestic chicken demand more than policies raising prices of frozen parts. However, the broader implications on alternative protein sources differ between the two policy types. We urge policymakers to adopt an integrated approach, considering these nuances, to strengthen Ghana's domestic poultry sector without unintended market disruptions. [EconLit citations: Q11, Q13, Q17, Q18, D12].