Heavy metals, trace and major elements in 16 wild mushroom species determined by ICP-MS

Abstract

Eight minerals (Na, Mg, Ca, V, Mn, Fe, Zn, Se) and eight heavy metals (Al, Cr, Ni, As, Sr, Co, Cu, Pb) were studied in 16 wild mushroom species: Agaricus bisporus, Agaricus bitorquts, Agaricus essettei, Armillaria tabescens, Craterellus cornucopioides, Hebeloma eburneum, Hebeloma fragilipes, Hypholoma fasciculare, Lepista tiuda, Leuco-Agaricus leucothites, Melanoleuca graminicola, Omphalotus olearius, Phellinus torulosus, Ramaria flava, Rus- sula foetens, and Trametes versicolor collected from Usak, Turkey, using ICP-MS. The mineral content of the mushroom samples was determined by ICP- MS and ranged from 46-1717 mg/kg for Na, 122-1121 mg/kg for Mg, 15-316 mg/kg for Ca, 0.09-1.04 mg/kg for V, 3-60-76.40 mg/kg for Mn, 17.3-395 mg/kg for Fe, 3.4-70.7 mg/kg for Zn, 0.03-0.56 mg/kg for Se. The heavy metals contents in the mushroom species were between 108-575 mg/kg for Al, 0.08-0.61 mg/kg for Cr, 0.18-3.95 mg/kg for Ni, 0.19-4.43 mgAg for As, 2.41-14.9 mg/kg for Sr, 0.02-3.44 mg/kg for Co, 0.17-9.89 mg/kg for Cu, 0.05-3.33 mg/kg for Pb. All values of the inedible mushrooms, except the Cr and Pb concentrations of Leucoagaricus leucothites, were within the permitted WHO limits. Thus, the mushrooms analyzed are safe for human consumption.