Relationship Of Knowledge, Attitude, And Practice To Incidence Of Hepatitis A Virus Infection In Nursing Students In Jember

Abstract

Introduction: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) can cause inflammation in the liver. Indonesia is one of the countries with a high prevalence rate of hepatitis. The hepatitis A outbreak is an indicator of the lack of student’s concern in maintaining the food, drinks, or environment hygiene. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and practice towards incidence of hepatitis A virus infection in nursing students.  Methods: This research was a quantitative study with a descriptive analytical correlation design using a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used cluster sampling and 200 participants were obtained from nursing students in several colleges in Jember. The data collection process used an online google form for the questionnaires, because of the pandemic situation. The data analysis was carried out in univariate and bivariate analysis using Chi-square test. Results: The research results showed that there was a relationship between knowledge with incidence of hepatitis A infection which is significantly associated with alpha of 0.046 (<0.05) and OR of 1.140. There was no relationship between attitude and incidence of hepatitis A infection with alpha = 0.489 (> 0.05), as well as the relationship between practice and incidence of hepatitis A infection (p=0.489). High knowledge level has an important role in preventing the hepatitis A infection risk. Conclusion: Student’s attitude and practice are not significantly associated, because even the nursing students knew what to do for prevention of infection risk, they still didn’t do it in their daily activity.Latar belakang: Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan tingkat prevalensi hepatitis yang tinggi. Wabah hepatitis A merupakan salah satu indikator kurangnya kepedulian siswa dalam menjaga kebersihan makanan, minuman, serta lingkungan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik terhadap kejadian infeksi virus hepatitis A pada mahasiswa keperawatan. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif analitik korelasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan cluster sampling dengan total 200 partisipan diperoleh dari mahasiswa keperawatan di beberapa perguruan tinggi di Jember. Proses pengumpulan data menggunakan online google form untuk kuesioner, karena situasi pandemi. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan pengetahuan dengan kejadian infeksi hepatitis A yang berhubungan signifikan dengan alpha 0,046 (<0,05) dan OR 1,140. Tidak ada hubungan antara sikap dengan kejadian infeksi hepatitis A dengan alpha = 0,489 (> 0,05), serta hubungan antara praktek dan kejadian infeksi hepatitis A (p=0,489). Tingkat pengetahuan yang tinggi memiliki peran penting dalam mencegah resiko infeksi hepatitis A. Kesimpulan: Sikap dan praktik mahasiswa tidak berhubungan secara signifikan, karena mahasiswa keperawatan pun tahu apa yang harus dilakukan untuk pencegahan risiko infeksi, mereka masih belum melakukannya dalam aktivitas sehari-hari.