Reversal of natural killer cell exhaustion by TIM-3 blockade

Abstract

Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells that become progressively exhausted in advanced stage cancer, crippling their ability to execute antitumor functions. We previously characterized the nature of NK cell exhaustion in metastatic melanoma patients, reporting a correlation with high expression of TIM-3. Blockade of this immune checkpoint molecule reversed the exhausted phenotype and improved NK cell function.