Device-independent dimension test in a multiparty Bell experiment

Abstract

A device-independent dimension test for a Bell experiment aims to estimate the underlying Hilbert space dimension that is required to produce given measurement statistical data without any other assumptions concerning the quantum apparatus. Previous work mostly deals with the two-party version of this problem. In this paper, we propose a very general and robust approach to test the dimension of any subsystem in a multiparty Bell experiment. Our dimension test stems from the study of a new multiparty scenario which we call prepare-and-distribute. This is like the prepare-and-measure scenario, but the quantum state is sent to multiple, noncommunicating parties. Through specific examples, we show that our test results can be tight. Furthermore, we compare the performance of our test to results based on known bipartite tests, and witness remarkable advantages, which indicates that our test is of a true multiparty nature. We conclude by pointing out that with some partial information about the quantum states involved in the experiment, it is possible to learn other interesting properties beyond dimension.