Global Energy Inequalities: Exploring the Long-Term Implications

Abstract

This study examines the evolution of global energy inequalities over the modern period, with particular attention paid to the years 1958–1998. The analysis reveals that global energy inequalities were modestly reduced in the 1970s, as semi-peripheral nations increased their consumption of modern energy resources. However, an inten-si? cation of inequalities reasserted itself in the 1980s and 1990s, as the semi-periphery lost ground in relation to resurgent consumption in core nations such as the United States. The study argues that, in an increasingly bounded energy system, geopolitical, commercial, and social tensions will rise if fundamental inequa-ities in energy consumption are not addressed. Prospects for achieving reforms in the system over the medium term are evaluated at the conclusion of the study.