Interrelationships between hyperuricemia, metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease in patients with diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Introduction. Hyperuricemia is a strong predictor of an altered metabolic status. There are complex interrelationships between hyperuricemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), metabolic syndrome (MS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of hyperuricemia on the prevalence of MS and glomerular function in patients with T2DM. Materials and methods. This retrospective study included 300 patients with T2DM, hospitalized for one day in the diabetes clinic, between 01.01.2016-31.12.2018; all the data used for the analysis were obtained from the medical records. Results. The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 46%. MS was identified in 88.41% patients with hyperuricemia compared to 61.73% in patients with normo-uricemia (p<0.01); also, all the components of MS were better represented among hyperuricemia patients. The prevalence of CKD (defined as glomerular filtration rate <60mL/min/1.73m2) was 49.28% in patients with hyperuricemia, while in patients with normo-uricemia it was 25.31% (p<0.01). Other metabolic conditions were statistically significantly represented for hyperuricemia patients: obesity (88.4% vs. 61.72%, p<0.01), hepatic steatosis (81.11% vs. 57.41%). The impact of the aggregation of metabolic risk factors in hyperuricemia patients was visible in this study, the prevalence of ischemic heart disease being 83.33% in patients with hyperuricemia and 72.4% in patients with normo-uricemia (p=0.02). Conclusions. Hyperuricemia is associated with increased MS prevalence and increased prevalence of CKD in T2DM patients.