Assessing the relationship between sexual health literacy and sexual self-care in women: A cross-sectional study in Iran

Abstract

Background Sexual self-care behaviors in women play a crucial role in promoting their sexual health, ultimately enhancing family and societal well-being. Adequate knowledge and the ability to apply such information are key factors influencing sexual self-care. Aim This study was conducted to examine the relationship between sexual health literacy and sexual self-care among women. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 435 women of reproductive age attending healthcare centers affiliated with Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iran, during 2024-2025. Data were collected using validated questionnaires on sexual self-care and the Iranian Adult Sexual Health Literacy scale. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22, employing logistic regression, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multiple linear regression models. Outcomes Determined the relationship between sexual health literacy and sexual self-care in young women. Results The results revealed a statistically significant direct association between sexual self-care and sexual health literacy (P =. 000). Women demonstrating higher sexual health literacy scores reported higher sexual self-care scores. Sexual self-care was associated with total sexual health literacy scores, as well as with the dimensions of information access skills and information application skills. Clinical Implications The results provide a rationale for policymakers to implement targeted sexual health literacy programs, which can subsequently enhance self-care practices. Strengths and Limitations The strengths of this study include the use of robust statistical methods and a large, representative sample size. However, limitations should be noted, such as the dependence on self-reported data, which may introduce bias, and the restricted generalizability of findings due to the single-region, cross-sectional study design. Conclusion This study demonstrated that improved sexual health literacy enhances sexual self-care scores in women. These results highlight the crucial need to enhance women's sexual health literacy.