Soilless Agriculture a New and Advanced Method for Agriculture Development: an Introduction

Abstract

Agriculture out of the soil is to use any means that will cultivate and plant development without entering the soil as a mediator for agriculture, where cultivated plants in isolation from the soil as long as the system used allows to strengthen the plants and provide water needed for growth and nutrients as it is the system followed for growing plants in the natural soil environment with irrigated nutrients intravenously instead of plain water and may be used a solid material such as gravel, sand, peatmoss, perlite and vermiculite in some cases as supporting mediators. Agriculture outside of soil is including hydro agriculture (Hydroponics), aqua agriculture (Aquaponics), aerobic agriculture (Aeroponics) as well as agriculture using supportive mediators. Benefits of soilless cultures include the reservation of cultivated lands for main crops; save not less than 90% of irrigated water; use nearly recycled fixed amount of water; most vegetable crops succeed and give the highest productivity in soilless agriculture than the ordinary agriculture; It can be run in various places such as balconies, roofs of buildings, various greenhouses and lands unsuitable for cultivation; the provision of fertilizer materials, where it’s used rationed amounts calculated accurately nutrients according to the plant requirements; Ease of dealing with plants and ease of conducting the required protection operations against various pests; Despite the increase in the constituent unit cost of soilless culture, but the large amount of production offset this cost in a short time. Soilless culture is a method of cultivation of new and advanced and requires us to search for human cadres have the ability to qualify for this work and is a rare, unfortunately. Keywords: Hydroponics; Aquaponics; Aeroponics; Soilless cultures; Agriculture