Motherhood and survival in the stalinist gulag

Abstract

This article analyzes the Gulag memoirs of four women political prisoners-Olga Adamova-Sliozberg, Liudmila Miklashevskaya, Nadezhda Joff e, and Valentina Grigorievna Ievleva-Pavlenko-to examine the interplay of motherhood and survival. Each was a mother of small children sentenced to forced labor camps in the northern polar regions of the Soviet Union. Motherhood played a complex role in their survival. The rupture in family relations, particularly the separation from their children, magnifi ed the psychological and emotional stress of their incarceration. Yet, being a mother in the camps provided a compelling motivation to stay alive. It helped them to sustain a sense of normalcy by connecting them to their former lives and to the family unit that represented stability and sustenance amid the bleakness of their Gulag existence.