Application of papaya leaf extract (Carica papaya L.) as a natural insecticide on the larvae of the Aedes aegypti mosquito vector of dengue fever

Abstract

The toxicity of the ethanol extract of papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) on the mortality of the Aedes aegypti mosquito as a vector of dengue hemorrhagic fever. The aim of the study was to determine differences in the concentration of ethanol extract of papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) on the mortality of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and the most effective concentration (LC50) for 24 hours of treatment. The study used a completely randomized design with 5 extract treatments, namely: 10 ppm; 50 ppm; 100 ppm; 500 ppm and 1000 ppm and 1 control group with 3 replications. The results of the study were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. and continued with the BNT test at a significance level of 0.05. To determine the most effective concentration of papaya leaf extract in killing the larvae of Ae. aegypti used Probit Analysis (Finney Method) with Minitab 17 software.The results showed that increasing the concentration of ethanol extract of papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) would increase the number of test larvae mortality. Based on the results of the probit analysis test, the most effective concentration to kill 50% of Aedes aegipti mosquito larvae was 413.906 ppm (LC50 = 413.906 ppm). Ethanol extract of papaya leaves (Carica papaya L.) has the potential to be developed as a natural insecticide for the Aedes aegypti mosquito vector of dengue hemorrhagic fever.