Influence of holding time annealing process on the microstructure and optical properties of barium titanate (BaTiO3) thin film using the sol-gel method

Abstract

The growth of Barium Titanate (BaTiO3) thin film has been successfully grown on a Quartz substrate using the sol-gel method with a spin coating technique. The BaTiO3 thin film was made with a variation of holding time 1.5 hours, 2 hours, 2.5 hours. The variation of holding time in the BaTiO3 film has a significant effect on crystallite size, thickness, absorbance, and bandgap energy. BaTiO3 film at 2.5 hours holding time had the highest crystallite size and crystallinity, the value of each 20 nm and 9.31%. The thickness BaTiO3 film is the smallest at 2.5 hour hold time which is equal to 295 nm. The grain size increase with increasing holding time due to the diffusion process between grains. The spectrum of absorption area BaTiO3 thin film with variations holding time 1.5 hours, 2 hours and 2.5 hours work effectively in the wavelength absorption area of ≥400 nm. The smallest bandgap energy was owned by a thin film BaTiO3 at a holding time 1.5 hours amounting to 3.33 eV. The material has a low bandgap energy show that the better the crystallinity and homogeneity.