Integrated STEM education in the thai secondary schools: Challenge and addressing of challenges

Abstract

In response to the development of technology and to advance global competitiveness, many nations now face a shortage of a suitably trained STEM workforce. To develop the STEM workforce, STEM education has been integrated into the curriculum, which presents a range of challenges for teachers. Thailand is also in the process of integrating STEM education into their educational system. This paper aims to review the integration of STEM education in Thailand, focusing on the challenges of this implementation. Results from the literature reviewed suggest the challenges of STEM integration in Thailand consists of students' low engagement in learning in the STEM disciplines, challenges in integrating engineering, and teachers' knowledge and skills in teaching STEM integration. It also provides a review of possible solutions to each including engaging students by using questioning techniques, using the engineering design process (EDP) as a method to integrate engineering, and support teachers in professional development and collaborative partnerships.