Landauer Type Approach to Electron Conduction in One-Dimensional Systems and Interaction Effects

Abstract

Electron conduction in one-dimensional system is investigated explicitly taking into account the reservoirs to which 1D channel is connected at its ends. We calculate the current driven by the chemical potential difference of two reservoirs, using the linear response theory by Kubo. At OK, the conductance of 1D channel is expressed in terms of one-electron Green's functions even in the presence of the interaction, in contrast to the theory based on Kubo formula, in which two-electron Green's functions are essentially involved. The formalism in this paper provides a new interpretation of Landauer formula. As regards the interaction effects, the conductance of Fermi liquid without potential scattering is 2e2/h, while that of Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid deceases with power low as the length of 1D channel increases.