STABILITY OF A CANDIDATE AND CULTIVARS (Hordeum vulgare L) BY GGE BIPLOT ANALYSIS OF MULTI-ENVIRONMENT YIELD TRIAL IN SPRING BARLEY

Abstract

The explication of candidate line and new varieties is uncomfortable the affect of genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI). The AMMI (Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) analysis and GEI is making to estimation grain yield and understands GxE interaction patterns by researches as differential ranking of variety yields in multi-environment trials. So, a candidate of release and three spring barley varieties which registered in different years were reclaimed at seven environments. The experiments were performed according to a complete randomized block design with four replications. The stability and superiority of genotypes for yield was determined using AMMI and GGE biplot analysis. Factors (G, GE, and GEI) were found to be highly significant (P < 0.01) for grain yield. AMMI analysis indicated that the major contributions to treatment sum of squares were environments (79.4%), GE (13.9%) and genotypes (6.4%), respectively, suggesting that grain yield of genotypes were effected environmental conditions. The GGE biplot indicated that PCA 1 and PCA 2 axes (Principal component) were significant as P<0.01 and supplied to 86.3% of the complete GxE interaction. The GGE biplot indicated that four mega-environment were occured in terms of varieties. The varieties and candidate line took part in an independent mega-environment. On the other hand, Candidate line showed general adaptability (E1, E2, E4, E5 and E7), while Altikat and Sur 93 showed specific adaptation to E3 and E6 respectively. According to both techniques, especially Sahin 91, Sur 93 and Altikat came forward with low yielding, while candidate line with high yielding, stability and general adaptability. Statistical results indicated that AMMI and GGE biplot are informative techniques to compare varieties with candidate lines to discover general stability, adaptation pattern for practical recommendations.